Two police officers in busy street

Explore our multi-disciplinary research in policing

Working with local, national and international police organisations

The Policing research group brings together a diverse body of researchers from different disciplines in the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, including postgraduate students, former practitioners and academic staff.

We work in close collaboration with external partners and stakeholders like local, national and international police organisations. Through our programme of research-based activities, the central concerns of the group are with the development of new research opportunities, the sharing of research findings and the support of early-in-career academics. 

The broad themes of our research include:

  • policing cultures, trust and confidence in policing
  • policing and diversity
  • police wellbeing and mental health
  • policing hate crime
  • the sociology of the police
  • organisational justice
  • comparative policing

Policing has a huge influence over ordinary citizens鈥 lives, both materially and symbolically, and research on and with the police is vitally important. The police rely upon consent and co-operation to maintain law and order and understanding why we comply with the law is tied up in our evaluation of police legitimacy. 

Our work therefore focuses on policing in a variety of forms. We consider the multiple conceptions of trust, identity and justice within a policing context and identify, for example, the ways in which police training, police education and police investigations can impact those issues. 

Research impact

Our research led to the transformation of policy and practice around a vital area of police training 鈥 first for Hampshire Constabulary and subsequently in new national College of Policing standards 鈥  implemented for all new police recruits in England and Wales. 

Tutoring is a long-established and fundamental part of police training, in which new recruits enter frontline practice under the guidance of an experienced colleague. It can have a profound influence on their development as police officers. Our research into the culture of tutoring has changed both local and national approaches to the training and development of new police recruits and tutor-constables. This impact has extended internationally to the development of new standards for national police tutoring across five Nordic countries. 

We are currently evaluating a community policing initiative which brings together representatives from seldom-heard communities to identify recommendations for improving trust, confidence and community-representation within police governance structures. 

We鈥檙e also involved in research which explores student police officer experiences of inclusion in the workplace and how this reflects classroom-based inputs about diversity and inclusion. We鈥檝e worked with the College of Policing to develop a group mentoring model on equality and diversity in relation to organisational policing cultures.
 

Partnerships and collaborations

  • We work with the to research voluntary resignations in policing. 
  • In partnership with we research police wellbeing, police tutoring, policing the pandemic and policing and diversity. 
  • We research student officer experiences of diversity and inclusion in collaboration with Middlesex University and Canterbury Christ Church University. 

Publication highlights

  • Charman, S., Bennett, S. (2021) "Voluntary resignations from the police service: the impact of organisational and occupational stressors on organisational commitment", Policing and Society

  • Charman, S., Newiss, G., Smith, P., Inkpen, R., Ilett, C., Ghaemmaghami, A. R., Bennett, S. (2022) "鈥楪iving the right service to different people鈥: revisiting police legitimacy in the Covid-19 era", Policing and Society

  • Inkpen, R., Charman, S., Ghaemmaghami, A. R., Smith, P., Newiss, G., Bennett, S., Ilett, C. (2022) "鈥淥thering鈥 by consent? Public attitudes to Covid-19 restrictions and the role of the police in managing compliance in England", The Sociological Quarterly

  • Newiss, G., Charman, S., Ilett, C., Bennett, S., Ghaemmaghami, A. R., Smith, P., Inkpen, R. (2021) "Taking the strain? Police wellbeing in the Covid-19 era", The Police Journal

  • Ghaemmaghami, A. R., Inkpen, R., Charman, S., Ilett, C., Bennett, S., Smith, P., Newiss, G. (2021) "Responding to the public during a pandemic: perceptions of 鈥榮atisfactory鈥 and 鈥榰nsatisfactory鈥 policing", Policing

  • Charman, S., Williams, E. (2021) "Accessing justice: the impact of discretion, 鈥榙eservedness鈥 and distributive justice on the equitable allocation of policing resources", Criminology & Criminal Justice

  • Charman, S. (2020) "Making sense of policing identities: the 鈥榙eserving鈥 and the 鈥榰ndeserving鈥 in policing accounts of victimisation", Policing and Society

  • Cox, C. E. (2020) ""Are you crewed up with that bird from the uni?" The complexities of conducting ethnographic research in policing", Journal of Organizational Ethnography

  • Tyson, J. (2022) "Stressors or facilitators? Exploring the factors that impact police officers' abilities to respond to disablist hate crime", Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management

  • Tyson, J. (2020) "Disablist hate crime: a scar on the conscience of the criminal justice system?", Victimology: Research, Policy and Activism

Our members

Sarah Charman Portrait

Professor Sarah Charman

Professor of Criminology

Sarah.Charman@port.ac.uk

School of Criminology and Criminal Justice

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

PhD Supervisor

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PhD projects

  • Senior police leadership 鈥 the unchanging culture? 
  • The culture of inclusion/exclusion: A critical examination of voluntary resignations from the police. 
  • Competencies of effective police leaders to meet the challenges of policing in 2040. 
  • An evaluation of apparent non-crime related activity carried out by the Police in England and Wales: the effects on public confidence and policing by consent. 
  • Influencing effects of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) practice on Police Officers' work performance: an empirical enquiry into potential side-effects. 
  • Police recruits: motivations, aspirations and expectations. 
  • The progress of professionalisation and evidence based practice within UK policing. 
  • Financial Investigations in Policing. 
  • Police Reform in an International Context.

Our blogs

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Police officers lined up - Photo by Ehimetalor Akhere Unuabona on Unsplash

Casey review: key steps the Met police must take to address its institutional racism and sexism

John Fox

Casey review: key steps the Met police must take to address its institutional racism and sexism
Metropolitan Police - Photo by James Eades on Unsplash

The Met police force is too big to govern 鈥 here鈥檚 how it should be broken up

The Met police force is too big to govern 鈥 here鈥檚 how it should be broken up

The Met police force is too big to govern 鈥 here鈥檚 how it should be broken up
Metropolitan - Photo by Tadas Petrokas on Unsplash

David Carrick: the vetting processes that missed a serial rapist in the Met police

John Fox

David Carrick: the vetting processes that missed a serial rapist in the Met police
Why do so many men get away with rape - Photo by Mika Baumeister on Unsplash

Why do so many men get away with rape? Police officers, survivors, lawyers and prosecutors on the scandal that shames the justice system

Why do so many men get away with rape? Police officers, survivors, lawyers and 鈥

Why do so many men get away with rape? Police officers, survivors, lawyers and prosecutors on the scandal that shames the justice system
Police officer resignations have risen by 72% in the last year 鈥 we asked former officers why - Photo by Ethan Wilkinson on Unsplash

Police officer resignations have risen by 72% in the last year 鈥 we asked former officers why

Sarah Charman

Police officer resignations have risen by 72% in the last year 鈥 we asked former officers why

Our news

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A betrayal of trust

2 September 2024

A betrayal of trust
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50 new police officers graduate at 1024核工厂

18 July 2024

50 new police officers graduate at 1024核工厂
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Under representation of women in policing: Study reveals persistent barriers and gender differences in career advancement

13 July 2023

Under representation of women in policing: Study reveals persistent barriers and gender differences in career advancement
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Poor police training lets down disabled people - new research on hate crime training

11 May 2022

Poor police training lets down disabled people - new research on hate crime training
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Protecting the protectors

21 March 2022

Protecting the protectors